The Use of Metaphors in Shooting an Elephant by George...

The Use of Metaphors in Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell In the essay ?Shooting an Elephant? by George Orwell, the author uses metaphors to represent his feelings on imperialism, the internal conflict between his personal morals, and his duty to his country. Orwell demonstrates his perspectives and feelings about imperialism.and its effects on his duty to the white man?s reputation. He seemingly blends his opinions and subjects into one, making the style of this essay generally very simple but also keeps it strong enough to merit numerous interpretations. Orwell expresses his conflicting views regarding imperialism throughout the essay by using three examples of oppression and by deliberatly using his introspection on†¦show more content†¦He demonstrates that this oppression perhaps goes deeper than the average man would imagine, noticeably hindering even the lives of the oppressors. The elephants controlling force over Orwell is compared to that of an imperialist. Orwell?s extraordinary style is never displayed better than through the metaphors he uses in this essay. He expresses his conflicting views regarding imperialism through three examples of oppression: by his country, by the Burmese, and by himself on the Burmese. Oppression is shown by Orwell through the burden of servitude placed upon him by England: Orwell himself, against his will, has oppressed many. British Imperialism dominated not only Burma, but also other countries that did not belong to England. At the time it may appear, from the outside, he shows us that the officers were helping the Burmese because they too were against oppressors; however, from the inside he demonstrates that they too were trying to annex other countries. Though Orwell?s handling of this subject is detailed, in the end, he subtly condemns imperialism. Orwell finds himself in a moral predicament no different than the ones placed on the white men in the East. He justifies his actions, driven by the instig ation of the Burmese. Orwell also feels forced by the natives to kill the elephant, hindering hisShow MoreRelatedShooting An Elephant By George Orwell867 Words   |  4 PagesShooting an Elephant The short story â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† by George Orwell describes Orwell’s experience as a police officer of a town in the British colony of Burma. George Orwell, a military occupier in the Burmese land is much hated by the civilians. The hatred he receives from the locals makes him despise the British Empires mistreatment on the Burmese people. However, he also resents the locals in the village for revolting against him, for he is only a worker of the British Empire. â€Å"ShootingRead MoreAnalysis Of Shooting An Elephant By George Orwell988 Words   |  4 PagesEric Arthur Blair, or commonly known as George Orwell, is the author of many compositions. Blair, the author of two of the most famous novels of the 1920s; Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four, was born in Eastern Indian. He joined the Indian Imperial Police in Burma but resigned in 1927 to become a writer (BBC). Orwell’s style of writing can be described as bold and vivid. He puts the truth in h is writing. Orwell’s novel, â€Å"Shooting an Elephant,† was published in 1936. In the novel, a colonial policemanRead More George Orwells Writing Essay examples899 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Orwells Writing George Orwell is best known for his fiction writing, particularly Animal Farm and 1984. In Shooting an Elephant he demonstrates his talent in non-fiction writing. Not everyone was familiar with the way in which the British Imperial rule worked and Orwell uses his rhetorical language to bring the readers of his essay into the immediate world that was that of an imperial officer. Orwell?s essay is written in the first person perspective. This was done deliberatelyRead MoreLiterary Analysis of â€Å"Shooting an Elephant,† by George Orwell1152 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"Shooting an Elephant,† George Orwell achieves two achievements : he shows us his personal experience and his expression while he was in Burma; he use the metaphor of the elephant to explain to describe what Burma looked like when it was under the British Imperialism. The special about this essay is that Orwell tells us a story not only to see the experience that he had in Burma; he also perfectly uses the metaphor of the elephant to give us deep information about the Imperialism. By going throughRead MoreShooting an Elephant840 Words   |  4 PagesDISCUSS ORWELLS USE OF PERSUASIVE TOOLS SUCH AS, SYMBOLISM, METAPHORS AND IRONY IN THIS ESSAY AND EXPLAIN HOW HE USES EACH OF THESE TO CONVEY HIS ARGUMENT OR MESSAGE In the extract, Shooting An Elephant Orwell conveys his message through the use of various persuasive tools. He wants the reader to identify when somebody assumes power. This technique is used to show that the powerful are also a captive to the will of people they control. Everyone involved in the situation becomes affected. InRead MoreEssay about Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell1527 Words   |  7 PagesShooting an Elephant by George Orwell Few supervisors experience lack of respect and denunciation from workers because of their positions in a company. Supervisors take actions to preserve the image of authority before subordinates and from being ridiculed by their workers, even if the supervisors object these types of actions. The essay Shooting an Elephant relates to this situation. The author of this essay is George Orwell. The author talks about his work and personal experience that emphasizesRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Shooting An Elephant 1232 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 1301 02 December 2014 Shooting an Elephant In George Orwell’s essay â€Å"Shooting an Elephant†, Orwell recites a personal experience in which he shoots and kills an elephant while working as a British police officer in the British colony of Burma. While his actions were legally justifiable, Orwell describes his feelings of guilt for his true intentions and rationale for the killing, which he admits to himself as unnecessary and unjust. In slaying the elephant Orwell acts contrary to his own fundamentalRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Shooting An Elephant 933 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Orwell: Killing an Elephant Throughout history, empires from all over world, from different time periods, have been successful in acquiring vast majority of land from powerless nations. All of this is better known as imperialism. Empires look to expand and gain capital by acquiring raw materials, land, and labor. There is benefit for the conquering nation, but the oppressed victims are often left with their physical and mental health impaired as they are constantly exposed to long work hoursRead MoreBritish Colonialism And British Imperialism1254 Words   |  6 Pagestheir voice heard and their opinion crystal clear. This style of writing, no matter how the author went about it, was known as postcolonialism. Both Joseph Conrad and George Orwell apply postcolonialism theories to their writings and through the careful use of language, express their disdain for British Imperialism. Conrad and Orwell both cleverly employ powerful diction to assert their views on British Imperialism and reveal the true horrors it has brought about. At first, Joseph Conrad’s 1899 novellaRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of George Orwells Politics And The English Language1997 Words   |  8 PagesIn George Orwell’s essay â€Å"Politics and the English Language† he criticises the modern prose and addresses where the problems come from. His main point is that written works often have a staleness of imagery and lack of precision. By this he means the writer uses cliche and repeated phrases in their works, and they use words that will take away from the meaning more than it would add to it. Orwell discusses that most of these problems arise from imitation and the use of meaningless words. He feels

The Patriarchal Nature Of Human Society Has Existed For

The patriarchal nature of human society has existed for thousands of years. From the early Greeks and Romans to the great nation of America, oppression exists that gives men the upper hand. Margaret Atwood uses her novel The Handmaid’s Tale, inspired by WWII and resembling George Orwell’s 1984, to give readers an idea, a warning, of what is to come if this trend continues. The deeper question that arises when considering the material is who is truly at fault for the current system. Does the control of men reach so far at this point in history that women have no chance on their own of overturning it? Or is some of the responsibility on the women themselves to do anything they can to make up the difference? A mixture of both is appropriate†¦show more content†¦The little scratched writing then becomes her mantra through most of the novel. She also finds a friend in Ofglen who is a part of the rebellion, giving her more hope and power. She realizes that there real ly is an â€Å"underground† of sorts, a network of information and a group of people who has the same views as her. It’s almost a dream come true. She replays the memories of her previous life in her head, keeping it alive and vibrant. Since one of the goals of the regime is to snuff out the life of before, it is another little rebellion to hold onto those memories, and another sin altogether to speak of them, which is seen when New Ofglen chastises Offred for speaking of Mayday. Offred infuses her story with many of her wild ideas; she has thoughts of burning the house down with the match Serena Joy gives her, of hanging herself as a way of taking control of her own body. There are many snippets and tidbits of information and opportunity at Offred’s disposal. It is obvious that she is shackled by the new patriarchal society of the former United States and she gives her story a sense of building, of looking for ways to break her bonds. Unfortunately, due to her own character flaws, her inability to see the big picture, she fails to do so. Offred begins to fall apart towards the end of the story and the clarity of her narration is muddled. Her memories used to function as a source of hope and purpose, but they end up contributing to Offred’sShow MoreRelatedMedeo is a Play Based on the Myth of Jason and Medea Written by Euripides1248 Words   |  5 Pageson how Medea choses to respond to this theatrical situation according to the patriarchal culture she lives in. Furthermore, the analysis focuses upon the system of masculinity and femininity with regards to how Medea assesses the best approach in seeking to fight back against the predominant practices and norms of patriarchy that existed in her time. This play further highlights the role of love and the significance it has over family. It is necessary for the audience to understand the fundamentalRead MoreEcofeminism Essay1217 Words   |  5 Pagesrevitalization movement . I will begin by characterizing a definition of ecofeminism; I will then bring to the fore front the ethical issues that Ecofeminism is involved with, then distinguish primary ideas and criticisms. Though in theory, ecological feminism has been around for a number of years, it emerged as a political movement in the 1970s. Francoise dEaubonne, a French feminist philosopher, coined the term Ecofeminism in 1974. Ecofeminism is a feminist approach to environmental ethics. Karen WarrenRead MoreThe Natural World And The Feminine1604 Words   |  7 PagesThe natural world and the feminine; what do these have in common? The existential link of women and nature has existed in many cultures through themes of nurture and the creation of life. The natural world and women are both inhibited by the patriarchal ideology of past and present societies. One can draw comparisons to the struggles of women and the modern crisis of global warming, as both are affected by the notion that man is the center of the world in that all things are created to be used byRead MoreWomen Role in Christianity and Islam996 Words   |  4 PagesMore conservative Bible-believing women will tend their participatio n in church leadership etc.The modern womens rights movement has had a dramatic impact on the role of women in Christian churches. Women in Christianity is a vast and complex subject with multiple dimensions as Christianity is one of the largest religions in the world practiced in different societies and cultures around the world. When we deal with the subject of Women in Christianity we need to understand that ChristianityRead More Eco-feminism Essay1188 Words   |  5 Pagesfeminism has been around for a number of years, it emerged as a political movement in the 1970s. Francoise d’Eaubonne, a French feminist philosopher, coined the term â€Å"Ecofeminism† in 1974. Ecofeminism is a feminist approach to environmental ethics. Karen Warren, in her book Ecofeminist Philosophy, claims that feminist theorists question the source of the oppression of women, and seek to eliminate this oppression. Ecofeminists consider the oppression of women, (sexism) the oppression of other humans (racismRead MoreThe Origin Of Family Systems1527 Words   |  7 PagesTHE ORIGIN OF FAMILY SYSTEMS It is widely believed that family systems in one form or the other, though varying hugely from the forms of family we are accustomed to today, have existed since time immemorial, maybe right from the time Homo sapiens first appeared on the face of the earth. The formation of families regulated the sexual behaviour of its members and ensured that sexual jealousy of the primates remained under tabs. It also led to a form of division of labour where the roles of the membersRead MorePolitical Roles During The French Revolution Essay1593 Words   |  7 PagesFrench Revolution laid the fertile ground for the promulgation of civil rights which ceased to exist prior to the revolution, more importantly the rights of the less privileged, women. The French’s patriarchal society was held prejudice against women, thus when women’s clubs and political associations formed during this period was notable for its capabilities to promulgate political enfranchisement for women. In this essay, I would discuss in-depth the banning of women’s clubs and political associationsRead MoreThe Women Of The Early Religion1492 Words   |  6 PagesChristian Gnosticism and in Elaine Pagels’ The Gnostic Gospels. As analysis of religious beli efs, the works define the religious and cultural relevance of the woman in the origins of both Buddhism and Gnosticism, as well as the effects that the patriarchal society has changed in this original belief system. Both literatures assert that the role of the woman in religion serve the purpose of being the divine – or the evidence that Gnosticism is a symbol of the feminine, of celebrating the woman as the mostRead MoreThe Struggle to Gain Equality: A Study of Native American Woman in Literature1678 Words   |  7 Pagesuses the four idols of the tribe, the cave, the marketplace, and the theater to show how humans understanding and intelligence hinders their knowledge of nature. In The Origin of Civil Society, Jean-Jacques Rousseau concludes that the Social Contract benefits those who are not strong to fight for their equality in law and civil rights. In The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx disapproves of an industrial society, and he strongly supports communism with his ten points to prove that communism is beneficialRead MoreGender Wage Gap From A Sociological Perspective Essay1349 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION What is the social problem? The gender wage gap in America is a social problem that has existed since women entered the workforce. According to the National Committee on Pay Equity, for every dollar earned by a man, a woman made 78.3 cents in 2013 (Leon-Guerrero, 2016). Data from 1983 to 1998 and concluded that women workers in their prime earning years make 38% of what men make. During the 15-year period, an average prime-age working woman earned only $273,592 compared with $722,693

Rose For Emily By Faulkner (628 words) Essay Example For Students

Rose For Emily By Faulkner (628 words) Essay Rose For Emily By FaulknerA Rose for Emily by William Faulkner is a remarkable tale of Emily Grierson,whose funeral drew the attention of the entire population of Jefferson a smallsouthern town. Emily was raised in the ante-bellum period before the Civil Warin the south. An unnamed narrator, who is consider to be the town orat least the collaborative voice of it, aligns key moments in Emilys life,including the death of her father and her brief relationship with a man form thenorth named Homer Barron. In short this story explains Emilys strict andrepetitive ways and the sullen curiosity that the towns people have shown towardher. Rising above the literal level of Emilys narrative, the story basicallyaddressesthe symbolic changes in the South after the civil war. Emilys housesymbolizes neglect, and improvishment in the new times in the town of Jefferson. Beginning with Emily Griersons funeral, the story foreshadows the ending andsuspenseful events in Emilys life, and her other impending circumstances. ARose for Emily tells the tale of a young woman who lives and abides by herfathers strict sensibilities. The rampant symbolism and Falkners descriptionsof the decaying house, coincide with Miss Emilys physical and emotionaldecay,also emphasize her mental degeneration, and further illustrate the outcomeof Falkners story. Miss Emilys decaying house, not only lacks genuine love andcare, but so douse she in her adult life, but more so during her childhood. Thepertinence of Miss Emilys house in relation to her physical appearance isbrought on by constant neglect and unappreciatation. As an example, the house issituated in what was once a prominent neighborhood that has now deteriorated. Originally the house was described as, It was a big, squarish frame housethat had once been white, decorated with cupolas and spires and scrolledbalconies in the heavily lightsome style of the seventies of an earliertime, now many of the towns people see that the house has become aneyesore among eyesores. Through lack of attention, the house hasdeteriorated from a beautiful estate, to an ugly desolate shack. Similarly,Emily has also become an eyesore in the following various ways. For instance,she is first described as a fallen monument to suggest her formergrandeur and her later ugliness. She might have stayed out of the public eyeafter these two deaths which left her finally alone, something she was not usedto. When Emily died Jefferson lost a prominent monument of the Old South. Thisstory contains a high rate of symbolism thoroughly distributed and revealed byshady foreshadowing. Just as the house has, Emily has lost her beauty. Once shehad been a beautiful woman, who later become s obese and bloated. In this postcivil war town, the great estate and Emily had suffered the toll of time andneglect. As the exterior, the interior of the house as well resembles Emilysincreasing decent and the growing sense of sadness that accompanies such adownfall. All that is told of the inside of Emilys house is a dim hall, where astaircase is mounted into descending darkness, with the house smelling of foulodors. The combined darkness and odor of the house relate with Emily in some ofthe following ways, with her dry and cold voice as if it were scrappy and dryfrom disuse just like her house. The similarity between the inside of the houseand Emily extends to the mantel, where there is a portrait of her father andEmily sitting there. Internally and externally, both Emilys building and herbody are in a state of deterioration and tarnishment like a metallic material. .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d , .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d .postImageUrl , .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d , .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d:hover , .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d:visited , .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d:active { border:0!important; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d:active , .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u12778ce0483c44adfe4fba761bb8517d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Business Ethics EssayAn example of Emilys unwillingness to change is when she refused to let thenew guard attach metal numbers above her door and fasten a mailboxwhen the town received free mail service. This reflected Emilys unyielding andstubborn persona caused by and related to her fathers strict treatment of herwhen she was young.

Analysis on Friday Night Lights free essay sample

Its funny when i can watch a movie and compare it to a piece of literature. When you can compare a movie to a book, it means they share the same philosophy. The only difference is the way one another is viewed. None the less, books and movies can still have a powerful meaning together. Teaching the world of friendship and love through heartfelt words and cinematic productions. Ralph W. Emerson wrote his own theories and opinions . Except, he put it in a book to be read years into the future. I have read the book myself and can only envision how it can be compared to hundreds of movies. One that specifically comes to mind is the movie, Friday Night Lights. This movie shares many characteristics to Emerson himself. For example, the view of great expectations and the love a person shares with another. In this movie, everything has a purpose or reason behind it, but the road must be crossed in order to see those reasons. Friday Night Lights is a good example of showing how to be a friend, showing what love might intail, learning to experience life one step at a time and developing a good sense of moral character. Friendship, a word that is best learned through experience. This movie does more than show friendship, it shows how important having friends actually is. Everybody has a friend, some have several, but in a football team, friendship is strong. These players are tested everyday with new challenges on the football field, also, in everyday life. Just like when a quarterback cant complete a pass or a student cant get a passing grade, when it matters the most. Sometimes it gets overwhelming, so this team knows to be there for one another in a tough time. In the same regard, friendship help teams work together. Becoming more than just students, but a whole unit. Without this kind of experience, these players would not know what its like to play at a championship level. The Permian Panthers know what its like to compete at this level, because of one huge x-factor, the coach. This coach teaches the team that wins on the board and touchdowns in the end zone doesnt bring happiness. People do, with their affection towards everybody surrounding them. These players are not only training to better their athletic talent, they are receiving a gift. The gift of wisdom, one of the best gifts of all. This goes way beyond the game of football. Friendship is important outside of the football field. Everyone has problems and we all need someone to listen to them. When we are sad, mad or even confused. This is a critical point in many peoples life. When all they need is just a friend. Some one to sit down and give the reality of the situation. In this case, thats what friends are for. This pertains to Emerson in so many ways. He believes that with expressing our affection, our intellectual and active powers increase. This is a perfect example of a football team that needs to show friendship and trust to achieve the ultimate goal. Caring about every person in the group and where they want to go. If every player were in touch with their personal side in unison, its almost as if a deadly force meets an immovable object. You can keep trying to break this team down, but it wont budge. What a coincidence how the same moral values that are in this movie, Emerson shared with his generation in the 1800s. He thought the same as we do til this very day, over 200 years later. Giving the assumption Emerson was way ahead of his time. Sometimes it sounds girly to show love in a locker room. So guys dont like to use the word love. The reality is, love is what every one of these players share with each other. Yea, of coarse, it all comes in time if your on a football team. But if you show your true self, love will be there for everyone to share with you.. The coach of this football team realizes that when they get to the biggest game of them all, the championship game, that life is not about winning. Its about love for your teammates, love for the game and most importantly, family. This team needed to come to grips that football would not be there forever. People will, the ones you will visit on the holidays, the friends you will call to hang out on the weekend, the mother and father that will always be there. The sooner they came to that realization, the better the team became. The love for the game goes beyond people. Its the passion that everyone strives to receive or earn in life. Some people just live for the game, and dont see anything else but football. Think of when you wanted to be an astronaut, or a firefighter. This is what its like for some football players. The unconditional Love they have for the game. Its almost like aving tunnel vision, a vision of greatness and a long wise journey. Theres also the pleasure of showing love for your teammates, a huge unity between brothers. Teammates give the strength to keep going. Even when the possible seems impossible, they find an impossible way to reach out and finish what they have started. To push forward even against all the odds. The guys you practice with everyday passing motivation through themselves to fight harder and win smarter. The love that will last forever is family. In this movie, family isnt necessarily a great thing due to all kinds of distractions and misplaced emotions. They all are poor and parents think some of there kids are failures. Some of these kids have decendents, when there father played for the same team they are playing for now. Living with expectations that they cant live up too. Some trying to earn a scholarship to get out of certain living situations. With the experiences these kids have gone through, these parents realize that they have the greatest potential . Seeing the love for there children, a love that will never go away. Family is what makes this happen. They show the good and they show the bad, but nobody will ever be there for more than your family. Experience is a life lesson that comes with time, It cant just be taught. This is exactly what these boys learned when they lost is the championship game. They found out that day that winning isnt everything . In fact, losing sometimes is the same as winning. The team realized that without losing, it would be impossible to win. Its a hard road to get to the top, but now those kids can say I experienced this in my life. This is what Emerson believed. That experience needs to be played out. You cant say you have learned anything without trying. .

What Are the Aims of Academic Study free essay sample

To begin with, will analyze the main purpose of academic study from two perspectives. Firstly, academic study is beneficial to development of individual abilities. Universities offer students the opportunity to gain a deep academic knowledge in various subjects, which can broaden individual horizon and enrich their knowledge. In the second place, there is no doubt that academic study definitely improves career prospects to some extent. In other words, academic study helps students make certain professional growth and manage occupational planning. Those who can obtain professional skills and specialized knowledge through learning major-related academic study that ill be well equipped for the further job. It is said that current employers prefer to recruit youngsters who get the better achievements in academic study rather than waste a great deal of time on someone with poor study. As far as how can academic study be achieved, actually, there are several methods that should be taken into account immediately. We will write a custom essay sample on What Are the Aims of Academic Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One of the most effective ways is diminishing class size which can help students to achieve better academic performance. According to the records kept by the U.S. Department of Education, there exist some advantages over other student in ormal-sized class, like more freedom to engage students creatively, dividing into groups for specific project, and so on. Secondly, teaching methods exert a deep influence on academic study. As stated by Catherine Lewis, an expert on the Japanese educational system and a senior researcher at Mills College, discipline is not imposed by fearsome teachers. Instead, students are honored to be chosen to lead lessons, and they take turns calling the class to order. In addition, theres an incredibly strong emphasis on class, group and team spirit.Finally, personal motivation is of importance to academic study as well. As we know, a lot of learning depends on individual personal motivation. For instance, SAC in the UNNC that means Self Assess Center, provides all students academic skills support through self-study. That is to say, personal motivation has a close relation to academic study. From what has been discussed above, students should concentrate most of energies on doing academic study or academic research, as opposed to a boring life at the university, by means Of which they have confidence and the basic ability to realize dreams. What Are the Aims of Academic Study free essay sample This type of instruction has several purposes for instance; preparing students to be pesticides in one Of academic subjects. In addition, academic study can be achieved through a number of ways such as, creative a smaller classes. This essay will discuss the main aims of academic study and then provide certain possible methods to achieve them. To begin with, the major aim of academic study is to impart an enormous amount of specialized information.Universities and colleges offer student the opportunity to having a deep academic knowledge in various subjects which lead to raising the degree of knowledge in whole society and quality of work as well. Therefore, academic study contributes to improvement of countries in all fields such as, medicine, technology, engineering and industry (Nair. 2008) Another aim of academic study is to provide professional skills which are necessary for work.Academic study prepares people to meet the demands and challenges of current century through providing them the necessary work skills. We will write a custom essay sample on What Are the Aims of Academic Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, M. Sc International Securities, Investment and Banking in University of Reading equips students with the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in the challenging field of investment banking ND have been designed with the support of industry practitioners (Nair. 2008).In addition, academic study might also raise the career prospects. When persons are qualified, they will be able to find a better job easily with suitable remuneration which assists them to increase their standard of life. Academic study can be achieved through many methods. One of the effective ways is diminishing class size which can help the students to achieve What Are the Aims of Academic Study and How Can They Is Achieved?

Australia

Australia as a nation is first and foremost an Aborigine nation. They are the people of this land, the owners if you will. By looking at neighbouring countries, it is plain to see that the white man is not native in this part of the world. As with many lands, countries, homes and village that the European has conquered for the best of mankind, the one common factor is the ignorance of the white man in trying to learn something from the native culture, overemphasizing their own culture and lifestyle, and ignoring deeply important characteristics of the land that they inhabit. Through arrogance and ignorance this was seen as an act of civilisation. In almost all nations colonised by the British especially, there has been the imperceptible formation of a new class system, with the white people at the top of that hierarchy. Over time, with a growing population unused to and with little experience of the controversy surrounding their country, the underlying issues tend to be fo!rgotten and are replaced with the current headlines of today; the rising crime rate in areas most populated by Aborigines and the subsequent need for mandatory sentencing in those areas, the debates raging over the reconciliation and native title issues. Perhaps the most confusing and controversial of all is the governments stance on this all; the continued refusal to apologise for the assimilation policy on the government agenda until 1967, and the ambiguity in the way the government chooses to react to questions and accusations. By almost promoting this bad press and highlighting the difference between the indigenous Australians and the Euro-Australians, the government is inviting a racist counter culture similar to that which has developed in the US with African Americans building a culture of their own which often thrives on anti-white feeling. This possible progression could prove to be counter product...

Choose, research and describe an existing company you would like to Essay

Choose, research and describe an existing company you would like to work for - Essay Example The corporation avails its beverage products all over the world through its network of bottling and distribution operations and independent bottling partners. Coca-Cola gets net revenues by selling concentrates and syrups to certified bottling partners. The bottling partners may combine the concentrates with sweeteners, still or sparkling water, or mix the syrups with sparkling water to make final products. The company sells concentrates for fountain beverages to bottling partners across the world (Coca-Cola Company 2014). The company has a Separate International Division Structure since its international employees operate independently from the headquarters. Coca-Cola’s segments consist of Eurasia and Africa, Latin America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, North America, Bottling Investments and Corporate. Every division has vice presidents who control sub-divisions based on countries or regions (Pendergrast 2013). The structure below works very well because Coca-Cola since it is a colossal corporation. The aim of Coca-Cola Company is to be known around the world as an organization that conducts its business responsibly and ethically and step up sustainable growth. The mission of the company focuses on its impact on the customers around the world. Coca-Cola’s mission statement is â€Å"To refresh the world... to inspire moments of optimism and happiness...to create value and make a difference." Coca-Cola Company has a vision that will help it achieve sustainable growth; it consists of six visions: People, Portfolio, Partners, Planet, Profit, and Productivity (Coca-Cola Company 2014). The six winning behaviors of the company include a focus on the market, work smart, act like owners, be the brand, and live out the values. The company’s six behaviors define the attitude it expects its employees to embrace as they perform their duties. The values of the

Literacy Information Influences Leadership Essay

Literacy Information Influences Leadership - Essay Example Do students ever check the accuracy of information they gather from dictionary.com, or about.com etc? Students simply search websites for information, with no sincere or serious thoughts about its accuracy, usefulness and applicability in their life. Information literacy is not just searching for information and finding them from easier sources, but applying them for professional or educational purposes. Information literacy greatly influences peoples’ scholarship, practice and leadership in any profession. A scholar is one who has knowledge and ability to apply it for a specific purpose. It’s widely believed that websites and e-libraries provide more convenient ways to researchers to access wide range of information, but they are very less likely to be information literate. This is a reason why information becomes obsolete very sooner in today’s; contexts. Information literacy is to be promoted at various educational levels in order to make learners and others i nformation competent. As Turusheva (2009, p. 127) pointed out, information competence occurs when a person is skillful in determining the size of necessary information, using information effectively, evaluating the information and its sources critically, developing own knowledge base, using the information for goal’s achievements and using the information ethically. These criteria aren’t generally found in today’s university learners and researchers and therefore they are less likely to be information literate. As and when they are not information literate, their processional leadership and educational scholarship can never be positively influenced. Turusheva’s (2009, p. 127) study concluded... This essay stresses that information literacy is to be promoted at various educational levels in order to make learners and others information competent. As Turusheva pointed out, information competence occurs when a person is skillful in determining the size of necessary information, using information effectively, evaluating the information and its sources critically, developing own knowledge base, using the information for goal’s achievements and using the information ethically. These criteria aren’t generally found in today’s university learners and researchers and therefore they are less likely to be information literate. As and when they are not information literate, their processional leadership and educational scholarship can never be positively influenced. Information, knowledge and intellectual capital are most valuable and powerful assets. These make people scholars or leaders to be fit for certain workplaces. In order to achieve this goal, information literacy needs to be effectively promoted at educational levels. There are many different suggestions on how to increase the efficiencies of today’s information literacy. This paper makes a conclusion that finding information has never been easier than today, but information never has become obsolete as quickly as it happens today. Universities and other educators require information literacy today more than ever before. This piece of research paper attempted to explain information literacy and how it influences scholarship in education and leadership in professions.

Misvaluation affect the failure of merger and acquisition activities Essay

Misvaluation affect the failure of merger and acquisition activities - Essay Example For instance, Vishny (2003) states that misvaluation effects play an important role in market approaches in the short as well as in the long run since they are often driven by managerial optimism whereby the managers intend to satisfy their immediate financial benefits and this often leads to failure in the long run. Reasons such as such as differences in accounting principles, misvaluation of stocks and managerial approaches have been observed to be the main causes of failure of mergers and acquisitions. In some cases, organisations may be undervalued or overvalued but the truth of the matter is that markets are not static as they can change at any moment. The research methodology has been based on secondary research which focused on the merger of Time Warner and AOL. The findings of the study show that this merger failed as a result managerial optimism whereby the CEOs of Time Warner and AOL used their overvalued stocks to merge their organisations. The managers assumed that their organisations will perform well in the future. Their assumptions were based on the notion that the trend will continue like that but that was not the case. Indeed, the internet Bubble that was so promising in the beginning but the trend later changed due to different market forces. It has been observed

Adoption of a reflective approach and reflective thinking

Adoption of a reflective approach and reflective thinking Basically, the basis of reflective approach suggests that the assessment of teacher quality should be achieved through reflection (Vieira and Marques: 2002). It is noteworthy therefore, that many writers in the field of teacher education such as, (Loughram: 1996; Richards: 1995; Cruickshan and Applegate: 1981; Dewy: 1910) have sought to define this word. A according to Richards (1995:1) the concept of reflection or critical reflection indicates to an activity or process in which an experience is recalled, considered and evaluated, usually in relation to broader purpose. It is a response to past experience and involves conscious recall and examination of the experience as a basis for evaluation and decision-making and as a source for planning and action. It is defined also by Cruickshan and Applegate (1981:553) as helping teacher to think about what happened, why it happened and what else they could have done to reach their goal. Furthermore, reflection is considered the deliberate and purposeful act of thinking which centres on ways of responding to problem situations (Loughram: 1996). Accordingly, it is noted that they agree that reflective teachers employ cognitive processes in order to solve the problems which might face them in their daily professional practice. On the other hand, the notion of reflective thinking traced back to Dewey (1910) which refers to problem framing, identifying alternative solutions and choosing from options according to the outcome we want and the situation at hand (Dewey: 1910 cited in Roberts: 1998). The main reasons for the adoption of reflective approach and reflective thinking: There are many reasons for the adoption of reflective approach and reflective thinking in teacher development programs which I think they are considered positive aspects. One of these aspects is that reflection approach provides a solution for teachers to shift from the routinised and automatic acts in their classroom situations and enables them to possess awareness about the kinds of decisions which they might make in their teaching and choosing the consequences of their instructional decisions. This can be achieved through reflecting on ones teaching as a step towards change in their teaching way (Richards: 1995).Because, according to (ibid: 1995) teachers who utilised reflective analysis in their own teaching admitted that it is a valuable element for professional growth and self evaluation. Another positive aspect is that the adoption of reflective thinking in teacher education can be considered a beneficial factor because, as Posner (1989) points out, when students teachers have the reflective thinking they will have new teaching ways instead of being tradition and have the possibility to interpret new experiences derived from their fresh ideas as a result of reflective thinking. Further more, reflective thinking will enable teachers to possess a philosophical approach to teach coherently because, by developing this kind of thinking they have the ability to integrate various types of knowledge which could be received during their teacher development program. On the other hand, it is important to note that reflection which is the basic component in reflection approach and reflective thinking has many advantages which can not be ignored. One of these advantages is that we can achieve the personal growth through reflection, because it makes us free from single views of situations which might hinder our thinking in defining problems and finding solutions. Moreover, problems which might face teachers can be reframed in different ways by reflection. Thus, providing a wide range of possible ideas then, helping teachers to have a wide range of possible solutions (Dewey: 1910 cited in Roberts: 1998). Additionally, when teachers use reflection they will have the ability to think about educational aspects of their work and a raise awareness of important ethical and moral questions (Van Manen: 1977). However, it is worth noted to mention the importance of critical reflection as Richards (1998) indicates that it enables teacher to have comprehension knowledge about themselves as teachers as a result, they can be prepared well to have a decision about their own teaching. This view can be supported by Dewey in 1904 when he pointed out preparing teachers to be critically reflective about their practice may be more important in long term than focussing on mastery of the techniques and skills (Dewey: 1904 cited in Richards: 1998:152). On the other hand, reflective teachers characterise by positive features according to the finding of a longitudinal study conducted by Korthagen and Wubbels (1995) regarded to teacher education program in Utrecht. These features include: First, reflective teacher have the ability to structure situations and problems. Second, they can evaluate their experience by using questioning approach for example, asking questions such as, why and how this happened in their own teaching. Third, they possess strong feeling of personal security and self efficacy and able to analyze and describe experience and interaction perfectly. Fourth, they are independent learners because they have clear understanding about what they need to learn. Hence, from what discussed above, we can see that reflective approach and reflective thinking play an important role which can not be ignored in teacher development programs. The underlying principles of reflective approach: Since reflection is considered an important element in reflective approach, writers such as (Dewey: 1910, 1933; Schà ¶n: 1983; Wallace: 1991) gave a great deal of discussion based on it. I am going to analyse the principles of reflective approach based on their discussions as follows: The principles based on Deweys account: According to Dewey (1910:1933) reflective thinking is the basis of deliberative thought. In his perspective disciplined deliberative thinking is seen as a basis for citizenship and personal progress (Roberts: 1998). Moreover, in order to reflect effectively, teachers should develop particular skills, for instance, observation and reasoning and should possess some sort of qualities such as, responsibility, open minded and wholeheartedness ( Griffiths:2000). But, it is noted that there is a shortcoming with this account in that his idea of teaching as routine action is unjustified because as Furlong and Maynard (1995:45) considered it is an over-simplification and does not capture the multi-facetedness ,unpredictability and sheer complexity of teaching (Furlong and Maynard:1995 cited in Griffiths:2000). The principles based on Schà ¶ns account: Wallaces reflective model: The principles of reflective approach in Wallaces reflective model emphasis that there are two important types of knowledge which should be included in teacher education courses comprised: First, received knowledge and second, experiential knowledge. The first refers to all concepts, skills and theories that trainees received through their academic study or from other sources such as, reading books. The second refers to the knowledge based on trainees past experience in their teaching practice (Wallace: 1991). Wallaces model, however, is separated into three stages as follows: The pr- training stage. The professional education/development stage. The professional competence stage. It is demonstrated in figure (4.1) below. To put it more simple, in the first stage there is believe that teachers trainees who engaged in professional education do not come with blank minds. In other words, they have already the idea of good and bad teacher that is to say, what Wallace refers to trainees existing conceptual schemata or mental constructs (Wallace: 49:1991). In the second stage, the professional development is achieved by theory and practice that is what he refers to as a cyclical process. In other words, the received knowledge and the experiential knowledge are integrated together. To illustrate, once students teachers engaged into classroom environment, they have the ability to discover a real framework of teaching and have awareness of the differences of classroom situations. Accordingly, their performance will be recalled during their teaching practice. For example, they will ask questions such as, how could some experienced teachers tackle with those situations and how they themselves can deal with them. Thus, they can evaluate their professional performance by reflecting upon their classroom activities. As a result, the positive and negative sides of their teaching strategy will be discovered. Hence, they will be professional educators and have the professional competence which is the aim of the third stage (ibid). Although, Wallaces reflective model can be applied in both pre-service and in-service education, yet from the principles drew above. It is noted that there are some limitations, because there is an important question should be asked here, is the experience shared among teachers because it seems to be private. Another limitation lies in participants school culture might not encourage reflection.

The marketing of the Bridge Cafe Buffets is aimed towards all age groups. :: Business and Management Studies

The marketing of the Bridge Cafe Buffets is aimed towards all age groups. As the Bridge is part of the church buffets are offered for weddings INTRODUCTION This report was commissioned by Mrs A Bernard to show my understanding of the tools, techniques and ideas presented in the marketing module. The report will cover marketing orientation, practice approach, impact and buyer behaviour. Development of marketing segments and the marketing mix. To display my understanding I have used the Bridge Cafà ©, which has been trading for eighteen months and is expanding its services. It is part of the Christ Church community outreach program and is designed to offer good food at a very reasonable price. The marketing of the Bridge Cafe Buffets is aimed towards all age groups. As the Bridge is part of the church buffets are offered for weddings, birthdays, christenings, blessings and funerals as well as family functions and also as part of the conference facilities. With such a wide age range of customers the marketing has to appeal to a huge range of people from a variation of backgrounds. The service the Bridge offers can be tailor made to fit to the client’s needs and taste as well as a pre defined menu of various prices. With the ability to meet with clients for a more personal touch or by telephone, fax or e-mail for a faster more efficient service we can stay ahead in research and the development as trends change and different age groups have different tastes. We know our customers as we all eat and have an understanding of different diets and customs relating to religion. The clients that have already used the Bridge Buffets Service have found it easier to approach them to arrange a tailor designed menu for their guests as the staff are very approachable and are willing to spend time talking to the clients and their needs and desires. With this type of relationship with the client it is hoped that they will use the service again. The buffet service prides itself on producing home made and home baked products fresh to the client, which is catered to all sized buffets. Buffets can be organised at short notice (twenty four hours) and still uphold the same home made traditions. The marketing in practice fits in with the definition â€Å"Marketing is the management process which identifies, anticipates and supplies customer requirements efficiently and profitably† (The Chartered Institute of Marketing) as the client is in contact with a senior member of the team who knows and understand both the client needs and the practical aspect of the catering team.

Christmas Paper Essay

1) What was the main concern of Republican Reconstruction Congressmen in terms of politics? The main goal of Republicans at this time was to give black men the right to vote. However, they did not grant suffrage to black men out of sympathy; rather, they did so in order to gain political clout in the South. 2) What was unique about the 14th Amendment and what does this say about the â€Å"new birth of freedom† coming out of the civil war? The 14th Amendment was unique, because for the first time, the Constitution explicitly contained the world â€Å"male† instead of speaking of â€Å"the people† or â€Å"citizens.† Saying that there was a new birth of freedom after the Civil War is a misleading statement. It is true that suffrage was given to the black man, thereby, giving African-American men more freedom. However, at the same time, women were further subjected to political tyranny, because they were now denied the right to vote by the existing state law as well as the new federal law (14th Amendment). 3) What was the somewhat dismissive reasoning provided by the abolitionists when denying women an inclusion in the 15th Amendment? The 15th Amendment stipulated that suffrage could not be denied on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Feminists wished to include that suffrage could not be denied on the basis of sex as well. However, Republicans would not change their plan to give the vote only to the black man. The abolitionists, who for a long time championed their platform as well as the women’s suffrage movement’s, refused to side with the feminists. They justified their rejection of the women’s suffrage movement by stating that African American male suffrage was more important than the right to vote for women. 4) Explain Fredrick Douglass’s â€Å"When women†¦ because they are women†¦Ã¢â‚¬  speech. Fredrick Douglass, a prominent abolitionist, in his speech, explicitly states that the women’s suffrage movement was nowhere near as important as giving the black man the right to vote. He does this by providing vivid examples of the horrid treatment of blacks (i.e. they were dragged from their homes and hung from lamp posts, they had their children torn from their arms, etc.) and states that when women are treated in this manner, then they will have an urgency to gain suffrage. 5) Explain how the split in the suffrage movement transpired and the response and organization of each faction. After betrayal by the abolitionists, all feminists were angry. However, some like Lucy Stone and Julia Ward Howe continued to be connected with the abolitionist movement. This caused anger in people like Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, who believed that women that put their sex first, should lead the feminist movement. Anthony and Stanton eventually formed the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) and Stone and other feminists formed the American Woman Suffrage Association. The AWSA believed that they should only focus on one issue; in other words, they should focus on woman’s suffrage, rather than concentrating on a variety of feminist issues. On the other hand, the NWSA, adopted a broad, liberal platform that linked women’s suffrage to a number of other women’s issues. This difference lasted for over twenty years. 6) What was the significance of the Revolution? The Revolution was a feminist newspaper financed by George Train and written by Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. This sixteen-page weekly paper touched on every aspect of a woman’s life; work, maternity, marriage, etc. The Revolution covered news for, and by, women and was also a forum for feminist theory and practice. For example, Stanton used the pages of the Revolution to explain why she opposed the present marriage system. Overall, this paper was used to promote feminist ideas in the United States of America. 7) How, according to the author, did Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony fail to consider the relationship between class and suffrage? The author states that Stanton and Anthony were at their weakest when discussing class and suffrage because they were never able to understand that class, rather than sex, determined the priorities of working women. While Stanton and Anthony believed in the vote over unions, working women supported economic justice over political justice. 8) In any ways did Stanton and Anthony reveal themselves to be hypocrites? If so, explain. I think that they were hypocrites in a way. For example, in the Revolution, Anthony and Stanton supported the unionizing efforts of women printers. At the same time, they hired a nonunion supporting printing shop for their newspaper. By hiring this nonunion printing shop, they betrayed working woman, just as much as the abolitionists did when they supported the 14th and 15th Amendments. 9) Who was Victoria Woodhull? Why is she important? Why were her views considered radical? Provided examples from the reading. Victoria Woodhull was born into an unstable and poor drifting family. At 15, she married a middle-aged physician who was an alcoholic. Eventually, Victoria returned to her family and continued her work as a spiritualist. Then, without divorcing her first husband, she married Colonel Harvey Blood. They both were huge believers in the principal of â€Å"free love†, a radical belief at the time whereby a person had the right to sexual relations outside of marriage. With this message in hand, Victoria and Blood moved to New York City. It was here that Woodhull began her rise to prominence; in particular, after she gained the respect of Commorade Vanderbilt, who provided her with the very best stock tips. These tips allowed Victoria and to gain a considerable fortune. In 1872, she appeared in the House of Representatives, where she talked about woman’s suffrage. The NWSA was floored by her speech, and invited her to join their group. Unfortunately her radical views in â€Å"free love† eventually led to her demise because the public was astonished at the fact that she lived with both her first and second husbands. From then on, she was attacked and denounced by the public. 10) According to Woodhill and Claflin what is the â€Å"unspoken fear† of many nineteenth century women and what do they propose as a remedy? Woodhill and Claflin say that the â€Å"unspoken† fear of numerous women in the 19th century was prostitution, because many men at the time contracted venereal diseases from prostitutes to wives. In solution for this problem, Woodhill and Claflin proposed that prostitutes should receive weekly medical examinations. 11) What was one point of contention between the American Wing and the Nationalist Wing of the feminists’ movement? One point of contention between the American Wing and the Nationalist Wing was whether or not to accept Woodhall in the feminist movement. The Nationalist Wing was extremely supportive of Woodhall’s policies. After her speech in the House of Representatives, they invited her to speak to their convention the following day. In addition, the Nationalist Wing believed in Woodhull’s ideas; for example, they called for reforms on every aspect of government after her speech and even supported her idea of secession. On the other hand, the American Wing denounced the Nationalist-Woodhall alliance by saying that the woman’s suffrage movement would be further inhibited if it were linked with free love. 12) What was Woodhull’s definition of â€Å"free love†? What price did she pay for expressing these views in the Steinway Hall proclamation? Woodhall defined â€Å"free love† as the right of any person to enjoy sexual relations outside of marriage. During a speech in Steinway Hall, she publically expressed her belief in free love and because of this she was denounced by the media and many of her old supporters vanished. 13) What was the view of Susan B. Anthony on the formed relationships between men and women? How did this view differ from Woodhull? Susan B. Anthony was a firm believer in not challenging the private relations between men and women. Single all her life, she proclaimed that women did not need men, only each other. On the other hand, Woodhull challenged many 19th century assumptions of private relations between men and women. For example, she believed that for most women, marriage was legalized prostitution; in other words, women married for money, not love. 14) What was the Beecher-Tilton affair? What was the result of Woodhull’s exposition of this event? After she was dismissed from the NWSA, Woodhull, looking for vengeance, decided to tell the public about the Beecher-Tilton affair. Henry Ward Beecher was the most famous liberal preacher of his day, and Elizabeth Tilton was one of his parishioners. Tilton was also married to Theodore Tilton, a staunch supporter of the women’s suffrage movement. In 1872, Woodhull published this scandal in a special edition of her Weekly. This â€Å"scandal of the century† had many repercussions. For example, Theodore Tilton sued Beecher misconduct with his wife, and the reputations of both the Tiltons were ruined. In addition, Woodhull was arrested by Anthony Comstock, who claimed that the Weekly had distributed obscene literature through the mail. Although, Woodhull was eventually released, she never regained her social prominence. 15) What was the significance of the West during the 19th century women’s suffrage movement? The West during the 19th century provided a shining beacon of hope to the women’s suffrage movement. This is due to the fact that they saw the West as similar to the rural, small-town society of early America. They believed that in the West, women could regain the status of colonial women, while still being revered as Victorian ladies.

Economic Consequences of the Civil War essays

Economic Consequences of the Civil War essays The Civil War changed America. It is one of the lower points in American history. While the change that this war brought to America cannot be disputed, there is a question as to its economic impact. Many numbers suggest that the Civil War, while it affected both Northern and Southern states, brought utter ruin upon the Confederate states. This war brought an end to slavery and razed much of the farmland and what little industry the South was dependant upon. However, the Civil War was not the end that it could have been for the South. Throughout this paper, I will discuss how the American Civil War caused mass inflation, a drop in Gross Domestic Product, and an all-around drop in economic growth for both Union and Confederate states. While it may be common knowledge that the war hurt the United States in many ways, some believe the war eventually led to the American Industrial Revolution which would make America the World Leader it is today. However, with this paper, I will show that while the war did cause many advances in both the Northern and Southern states, the war had a much more negative effect on the economy than many may believe. During the decade preceding the American Civil War, both the Northern and Southern states were experiencing remarkable economic advances. The expansion of the railways allowed the formation of a national system of communication. The railways also made the settlements of the western prairie states that much easier. Foreign commerce was unprecedented and immigration was increasing at a steady rate. These factors along with newly discovered mineral resources caused quite a boom in the iron and textile industries of the North. During the ten years preceding the Civil War, these Northern industries grew by two-thirds. Southern states were also growing at an astonishing rate in the years preceding the Civil War. Agricultural areas increased eighty percent and the value of farms rose two hundred and sev...

Free Essays on Starbucks-Operations Management

Starbucks’ business and operations strategies have proven successful. They are constantly modifying their strategies in order to ensure continued growth and success. The company’s success is a result of Howard Schultz and his vision of creating the most respected brand name in coffee. He continues to realize his vision through specific business and operations strategies. Starbucks was built under a profit-centric business design, using a multi-component system profit model. This model is defined in The Profit Zone, by Adrian Slywotzky and David Morrison; â€Å"In some businesses, there are several components of the production and selling system, and each component has radically different profit characteristics. Failure to maximize participation in the highest-profit components depresses the profitability of the entire system. On the other hand, full participation in the less profitable components is required to win the market for the most profitable components.†(1) They continue to explain the coffee industry specifically, â€Å"In coffee, the components are grocery, cafes, and kiosks. Grocery is low margin, cafes are high margin, and kiosks are even higher still.† (2) Starbucks has found their place in these areas and more. Not only do they sell their beans in grocery stores, they also have partnered with Dreyers to sell ice cream products, and with Pepsi to sell bottled FrappucinoÃ’ Drinks. The have kiosks in grocery stores, malls and airports. They also have cafes, some offering drive through service. Their cafes offer specialty coffee drinks, beans, pastries, CD’s, and coffee accessories. Additionally, they have mail order service available as well as the option to purchase products through their website. Finally, they offer a variety of services specific to business consumers. They provide office beverage service to larger companies, complete with brewing equipment and merchandise with the Starbucks logo i.e. cups and napki... Free Essays on Starbucks-Operations Management Free Essays on Starbucks-Operations Management Starbucks’ business and operations strategies have proven successful. They are constantly modifying their strategies in order to ensure continued growth and success. The company’s success is a result of Howard Schultz and his vision of creating the most respected brand name in coffee. He continues to realize his vision through specific business and operations strategies. Starbucks was built under a profit-centric business design, using a multi-component system profit model. This model is defined in The Profit Zone, by Adrian Slywotzky and David Morrison; â€Å"In some businesses, there are several components of the production and selling system, and each component has radically different profit characteristics. Failure to maximize participation in the highest-profit components depresses the profitability of the entire system. On the other hand, full participation in the less profitable components is required to win the market for the most profitable components.†(1) They continue to explain the coffee industry specifically, â€Å"In coffee, the components are grocery, cafes, and kiosks. Grocery is low margin, cafes are high margin, and kiosks are even higher still.† (2) Starbucks has found their place in these areas and more. Not only do they sell their beans in grocery stores, they also have partnered with Dreyers to sell ice cream products, and with Pepsi to sell bottled FrappucinoÃ’ Drinks. The have kiosks in grocery stores, malls and airports. They also have cafes, some offering drive through service. Their cafes offer specialty coffee drinks, beans, pastries, CD’s, and coffee accessories. Additionally, they have mail order service available as well as the option to purchase products through their website. Finally, they offer a variety of services specific to business consumers. They provide office beverage service to larger companies, complete with brewing equipment and merchandise with the Starbucks logo i.e. cups and napki...

Strategic Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic Human Resource Management - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that  in the modern business setting, there is a lot of competition among organisations that are all seeking to employ high flyers. These are workers who have already attained considerable success in a relatively short time span. Employers are no longer merely interested in dealing with average workers; but are seeking to ensure that their organisations make strategic investment in acquiring the most qualified human capital. The perception of workers has also changed.This research study declares that  unlike the past, the majority of workers no longer wish to merely get a monthly pay check. Employees today are readily prepared to migrate among organisations seeking for the best environment which caters to their multifaceted needs. For younger employees, in particular, money is a secondary factor when seeking for a job. Organisations can capitalise on the trend of high flyers seeking for the best potential employers by using talent management initiative s to draw them. Talent Management usually includes different integrated corporate HR processes which are created to develop, retain and motivate their productive employees. The main objective of talent management initiatives involves creating a culture that meets operational as well as strategic objectives.  In organisations, executives have the responsibility of ensuring that the necessary human resource strategies are used to make sure that high-flyers are strategically deployed.

Both Faustini and Cavalli's Calisto and Quinault and Lully's Atys are Essay

Both Faustini and Cavalli's Calisto and Quinault and Lully's Atys are mortals who find themselves ensnared in a web of amor - Essay Example This idea of progress, thumbing one’s nose at the intentions and designs of the deities, was understood to be tantamount to the worst possible crime that could be committed by man against the gods. Understandings of progress and an appreciation for mythology has pervaded European culture throughout the centuries. As such, at the time that operatic dramas began to be exhibited within Europe, near the beginning of the Baroque period, an understanding and general appreciation for the compliments of mythology and the idea that humans were merely the playthings of the gods, was carried alongside the musical development and plot design that came to define these operas. As a function of understanding this to a more full and complete degree, the following analysis will discuss the way in which Faustini and Cavalli’s â€Å"Calisto† as well as Quinault and Lully’s â€Å"Atys† represented mere mortals that were operating merely as pawns in a struggle for self- determination and freedom from the gods. Although this may be relevantly understood with regards to a description and discussion of mythology, the following analysis will present such a determination with regards to the way in which the musical composition of the individual librettos indicates this in and of itself. Firstly, with regards to the way in which a sense of helplessness is represented and the overall resignation to fatalism is accepted in both pieces, the listener must be keenly aware of the nuanced transition from major to minor keys to take place throughout the individual librettos. These transitions occur not indiscriminately but with respect to the subject matter that is being engaged in the actual plot development that is occurring. Ultimately, the individual characters briefly hope for a release from the fatalistic and resigned nature that they have experienced; however, as reality begins to seep in and they become more and more aware of the hopelessness of determin ing their own flight and fighting for their own future, the transition from major to minor invariably occurs (Deacon 37). Whereas the human spirit is represented as eternally hopeful, this hope turns into doubt, foreboding, and resignation as these individual shifts take place. Another means through which the fatalism is evidenced throughout both of these respective pieces is with regards to the dramatic pause that the composers were able to provide. Whereas a dramatic pause in music has been utilized for a great many things, the dramatic pauses that were included within the librettos included pointed to the fact that the characters in question were becoming fully aware of the reality of their situations and/or considering the foolishness of their hopeful expectations. Invariably, these dramatic pauses were leveraged as a means of alerting the viewer that a shift in thinking and a fundamentally different approach than had previously been presented was taking place. Another mechanism through which hope, despair, and fatalism is presented is with regards the way in which an uptick in tempo and an increase in the suspense of the music prior to revelations of actions by the gods and the means by which these will impact upon the respective characters is exhibited. In this way, a type of foreshadowing is created by the respective composers as for knowledge

Is Human Aggression Learned Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is Human Aggression Learned - Research Paper Example As the paper stresses human aggression has largely been associated with social interactions in human populations. Cognitive aspects of people significantly affect the manner and level of aggression. Berkowitz’s neoassociation model describes frustration and other repugnant factors such as pain, discomfort and unpleasant situations among others as the causes of human aggression. They usually initiate aggression in human through the negative consequence. As the study hinghlights the frustration-aggression model also portrays aggression as an outcome of frustration. Its occurrence is usually triggered by the presence of obstacles that prevent an individual from attaining his/her goal. In such a situation, aggression is usually a sequence of events that are focused on responding to the obstacle, which may result to injury of the person who is acting as the obstacle. A human being is rational and usually sets objectives with the goal of benefiting from his/her actions. Strategies are usually developed to ensure that there is no failure, which include fighting against obstacles such as fellow humans. It is therefore common to find aggressive behavior among frustrated people. Inward aggression may also exhibited by individuals when they are frustrated. It involves actions such as biting the finger, tongue and hitting hands on hard surface among other behaviors that result in injuring oneself although the pain may not be intense as interpe rsonal aggression.

Understanding of Different Concepts Essay Example for Free

Understanding of Different Concepts Essay Concepts are very complex definitions of everything that we see in everyday life. They are also typically never specific. Concepts of a certain thing or idea might and most probably will change if the person examining the object or idea changes his point of view. Various authors throughout the textbook have written about the different ways we could see things if we don’t close ourselves to what we can only see. One of the authors that talk about this is S. I Hayakawa. His main point in his article is how he stressed to tell us to be more creative, and that we shouldn’t blindly follow what media outlets like the ones on TV because we’re becoming like sheep. He argues that one with creativity best be prepared to endure loneliness and ridicule. He says, and this is very correct, that because of what we see on things like the media, we’re just told to follow what they say is right, and because of that, if one person dares to exclaim otherwise, then he or he will be getting cast away from other people. It’s ok to have a different opinion of things, and he encourages it, because creative people are going to be the most successful in life. Another great way to compare concepts is in Simon Benlow’s paper, â€Å"Have it your way,† he argues that students are being seen differently now, that is, companies are starting to have different concepts of kids at school, because they’re not being seen as what they are: students. Rather, they feel much more like consumers now. Also, kids from a young age have been catered to their every need, and because of that, when they get to college they find out that they weren’t as good as they thought they were, because of tailoring education for students. The essay â€Å"What is education?† by Petra Pepellashi is a perfect example of how two concepts could differ. Here, she uses the education when it was first introduced in the country. She tells about how Jefferson’s point of view of education was much different from what the child education laws going on today. In the end though, the US government ended up selecting the rich guys to choose it, and they chose their own concept of education, one where students are just there to learn how to become a businessman or factory worker. Interpreting concepts in different ways can also lead us to false expectations. Take Daniel Bruno’s essay, â€Å"Entitlement Education,† for example. In the essay, he points out how students â€Å"have a sense of entitlement,† in other words, that after so many times of turning in work that they didn’t put much effort into and getting good grades for them, they feel they deserve better grades than what they get in college. This involves concepts because, while the student thinks the paper deserves a better grade, in the view of the teacher, he could have done much better. This shows that different people can define concepts or ideas as different things, and it could bring problems to them. The same problem is presented in Paul Roberts’ â€Å"How to Say Nothing in 500 words.† Students think that their idea of a good 500 page essay is just writing and filling up as much space as they possibly can, and when they get back their papers, it’s always a big surprise to them when they get something like a D as a grade. Susan Jacoby’s essay, â€Å"When Bright Girls Decide That Math is a ‘Waste of Time,’† is a great example of the difference in what people think about concepts. In this case, it talks about how society sees what classes boys and girls usually take, and more deeply, how society’s ideals for each gender is something that the vast majority of individuals follow. Jacoby cites a good example by showing how if a girl would go to her parents and ask if she can drop her science and math classes because she was looking more into art or history in college, and the parents say they’re ok with it. Ultimately, what Jacoby is trying to say is that because of these decisions where women aren’t given the proper motivation to study more technical classes, it’s crippling the improvement of women’s overall quality of life in the future, since they probably won’t earn the same as other people who know more about science and math (like men do.) Lastly, in Doris Lessing’s â€Å"Group Minds,† she explains how the way we conceptually think about us as members of the western world is very far from reality. As she denotes, a westerner views himself as a free individual who think and does as he pleases, when the truth is that he thinks accordingly to what other people are thinking. In the end, the concept of the westerner as we regularly see it differs from what the truth really is. So, to sum up, concepts, or the ideas and ways we see things, can differ greatly, depending on each person. It’s important to know that this is perfectly normal, as we are free thinkers, but it is also important that we don’t cause problems by having different views on things, as was shown in some examples on this paper.

The Debate on Whether Assisted Suicide is Ethical or Immoral Essay

The Debate on Whether Assisted Suicide is Ethical or Immoral Assisted Suicide, also known as mercy killing, occurs when a physician provides the means (drugs or other agents) by which a person can take his or her own life. This assistance is one of the most debated issues today in society followed by abortion. Physicians are frequently faced with the question of whether or not assisted suicide is ethical or immoral. Although assisted suicide is currently illegal in almost all states in America, it is still often committed. Is assisted suicide ethical? Studies have found that the majority of Americans support assisted suicide. One must weigh both sides of the argument before they can decide. On July 26, 1997, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously upheld decisions in New York and Washington State that criminalized assisted suicide. These decisions overturned rulings in the 2nd and 9th Circuit Courts of Appeal, which struck down state statutes banning physician-assisted suicide. Those courts had found that the statutes, which prohibited doctors from prescribing lethal medication to competent, terminally ill adults, violated the 14th Amendment. In striking the appellate decisions, the U.S. Supreme Court found that there was no constitutional "right to die," but left it to individual states to enact legislation permitting or prohibiting physician-assisted suicide. As of April 1999, physician-assisted suicide is illegal in the majority of states. Over thirty states have enacted statutes prohibiting assisted suicide, and of those that do not have statutes, a number of them arguably prohibit it through common law. Currently, Oregon is the only state that has legalized assisted suicide. The Oregon statute, which came into e... ... a crime with the risk of the loss of license or even imprisonment. The only sure way that people will stop suffering and be allowed to die peacefully because of their own decision is if assisted suicide becomes legal in the United States. Bibliography: The New England Journal of Medicine -- February 1, 1996 -- Vol. 334, No. 5 Attitudes of Michigan Physicians and the Public toward Legalizing Physician-Assisted Suicide and Voluntary Euthanasia By Jerald G. Bachman, Kirsten H. Alcser, David J. Doukas, Richard L. Lichtenstein, Amy D. Corning, Howard Brody Annals of Internal Medicine--21 March 2000 Volume 132 Number 6 Palliative Treatments of Last Resort: Choosing the Least Harmful Alternative Timothy E. Quill, MD; Barbara Coombs Lee, FNP, JD; Sally Nunn, RN, for the University of Pennsylvania Center for Bioethics Assisted Suicide Consensus Panel

Changing Roles of Managers at Corporate Insurance Essay -- business, m

Over the course of the past two years, I have worked in a call center environment within the Corporate Insurance Company. A typical day is fast paced, yet structured. Up until recently, I had the responsibility of taking anywhere from 70 – 100 inbound calls daily from either troubled agents or inquiring customers. Of these calls, a few are monitored on a monthly basis to ensure the accuracy of the information that I am giving out. Customer service representatives here are also held accountable for our time on and off the phone as well as any data entry or what we call â€Å"after call work†. Again, this job family has operated with full structure and accountability. One of the repeated issues facing all phone counselors in this job family is the changing of the roles of managers. This is due in part to Corporate being a growing Fortune 500 company. Lately, about every four to six months, there has been a need for restructuring and reassigning of managers and team mates. We strive to work cooperatively as a team and just as we begin to effectively motivate one another, things change. Personally, in two years I have had five different managers and three different teams. Each manager has their own management, leadership and coaching styles and within each team there are ever changing inter and intra-personal dynamics. As I eluded, I have also changed job families and again, have had to become accustomed to a new manager, as well as the inter workings of a new job family all together. I now work diligently as an Account Processor, processing 70 – 100 policy changes daily. In this role, there is greater flexibility, less structure, and less support. However, the responsibility to provide the best service for the customer has no... ...ze our natural talent, and bring this out. They also have the skill to put their self in the shoes of those they manage. This will help them understand what employees are like and what motivates them, and then they can slowly work to mold them and help them to do their best. Those are some of the primary differences between leadership and management. I’m the type of leader or manager who would lead by example. As a leader I would eliminate potential barriers my employees couldn’t see. Also I would expand my vision with the insight of others, and this would potentially create a better vision and end result. As a manager, I would delegate work to my employees, so they felt as though they were apart of the big picture. Also I would get to know each of my team members, both personally and professionally. All in all I think I would do just fine as a leader or manager.

Contract memorandum Essay

Teri is a firefighter who lives and works in Boston, Ma. She is selling her home and found a buyer named Jack. Teri received an offer from Jack for $300,000. Teri accepts the offer and they sign a contract to that effect. After the contract is signed, Teri learns of a Boston rule that all firefighters must live within the Boston city limits. Teri decides not to move and contacts Jack to let him know she won’t be moving after all. Jack sues Teri in municipal court, asking for specific performance in accordance with the original deal. Teri argues that, although specific performance is usually appropriate in land sales contract cases, the judge has the discretion to deny specific performance. ISSUE #1: Whether Jack is due specific performance? RULES: In Raynor v. Russell, 353 Mass. 366 (Mass. 1967), a police officer had entered into a contract to sell his home. The police officer was planning to move to property in a town more than ten miles from the city, but because a certain statute was accepted by the city in effect requiring its police officers to live within ten miles of it, was not an adequate ground for denying specific performance of the contract sought by the purchaser in a suit in equity. Also stated in Raynor, The court held that †the prospective purchasers were entitled in lieu of the relief granted by the final decree to specific performance upon payment of the purchase price less the amounts already paid as a deposit, as well as interest thereon.† The court also concluded that â€Å"there was not any hardship shown sufficient reason for denying specific performance.† The court held that because specific performance was to be granted, the price set by the oral agreement made by the buyers must be paid. In Joseph A. Cardillo Revocable Trust v. Cardillo, 17 LCR 55 (Mass. Land Ct. 2009), is that Joseph seeks specific performance of the agreement and an order that Charles be compelled to convey the subject property to Joseph for a consideration of $ 125,000. Specific performance is also permitted when the buyer reasonably relied on a contract and the continual assent of the selling party and the buyer’s position has been changed for the worse. Also stated in Joseph, the court ordered â€Å"specific performance of a written agreement between two brothers dividing up a plumbing business that included the purchase by one of the brothers of the other’s 50% interest in the business real estate held by the two as tenants in common.† ANALYSIS: A Judge will grant specific performance in a land or real estate deal as stated in Raynor,†the purchasers were entitled of the relief granted by the final decree to specific performance upon payment of the purchase price less the amounts already paid as a deposit, as well as interest thereon.† Since Teri had signed a contract with Jack the Judge should grant Jack specific performance based on the original agreement. As stated in Joseph, Specific performance is permitted when the buyer reasonably relied on the contract with the seller and the buyer’s position has changed for the worse. CONCLUSION: Therefore, specific performance is not a strict and absolute right and it rests in sound judicial discretion. Jack should receive specific performance because of the duty owed him in the original signed agreement. ISSUE #2 However, will Teri’s circumstances cause the judge to use his discretion and deny specific performance? RULES: In A. B. C. Auto Parts, Inc. v. Moran, 359 Mass. 327 (Mass. 1971), the plaintiff appeals from a final decree in the Superior Court denying specific performance of an alleged oral contract to sell property in Cambridge and ordering the return to the plaintiff with interest of the deposit it paid to the defendant concurrent with the alleged making of the contract. In order to entitle the buyer to specific performance on a contract of sale, it is necessary that the buyer tender the purchase price to the seller on behalf of the buying corporation within the reasonable time implied by law unless the seller evidences an unwillingness or inability to convey. Also stated in A.B.C. Auto Parts, the court stated that â€Å"in order to entitle him to specific performance on this contract it was necessary that Kagan tender the purchase price to the defendant on behalf of the plaintiff corporation within the reasonable time implied by law unless the defendant evidenced an unwillingness or inability to convey.† There was evidence that Kagan was ready, willing and able to perform, and this was all that was required in the circumstances. ANALYSIS: The Massachusetts Superior court may deny specific judgment as stated in A.B.C. Auto parts, an order Teri to return the deposit with interest to Jack concurrent with the making of this contract, if the judge uses his judicial discretion in doing so. CONCLUSION: Therefore Jack is due his duty of specific performance because of the binding contract that he had with Teri. However, the judge may use his discretion and deny the specific performance to Jack and require the return of Jack’s deposit as stated in A.B.C. Auto parts. It is to the judge’s judicial discretion.

Tularemia Essays

Tularemia Essays Tularemia Essay Tularemia Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: Tularemia Introduction Tularemia is a highly infectious disease, which affects humans and animals, caused by the bacterium francisella tularensis. The disease affects humans through various means such as skin contact with the infected animal, taking contaminated water, inhaling contaminated dust and aerosols, bites from ticks such as dog ticks, lone star ticks, and wood ticks, bites from deer flies, exposure in the laboratory, and as an act of bioterrorism (CDC). The bacterium is highly contagious, and a small number can cause the disease. terrorists can use it as a weapon, in form of inhalation, and this would increase the number of people susceptible to the disease. Pneumonic tularemia tends to be more severe. The disease causes severe pain and it could be fatal. Mosquitoes also carry the disease, and they can spread them to humans. The bacteria enter the human body through the skin, mouth, eyes, lungs, or throat. About one hundred animal species can carry the infection (Siderovski 12). This is in additi on to birds, arthropods, and fish, which can also carry the disease. Animals such as rabbits, hares, cats, muskrats, and rodents are more likely to get the infection. In cases of outbreak, the animals die in large numbers. There are no known cases of person-to-person infections. Farmers and hunters are at high risks of getting infections. Description and Classification Francisella tularensis is a gram-negative non-molatile bacterium with two biotypes, tularensis (biotype A) and palaearctica (biotype B). It is in capsule form with pleomorphic cells, which appear as short rods. It is an intracellular pathogen, able to live in ticks for a long time. the bacterium can survive in cool conditions for a long time but the cells are sensitive to heat. The bacterium can survive in water, as well as dry land. It also survives in soil, hay, decaying animal carcasses, and straw. Biotype A is limited to North America and it is highly virulent. Biotype B is found in North America, Europe, Asia and Americas, and it is less virulent. There are four known subspecies, and they include tularensis, holarctica, mediasiatica, and novicida. mediasiatica and novicida have low virulence subspecies tularensis is exclusive to north America, while subspecies holartica is present in Europe and north America (Suckow et al., 341). Signs and Symptoms The symptoms of the disease are varied, and they depend on the mode of infection, although all humans affected by the disease experience a high fever. A person infected with the disease normally experiences the symptoms after a period of 3-5 days, although the symptoms can range from 1-21 days. Other than fever, other symptoms include chills, headaches, muscle pain, eye irritation, sweating, diarrhea, dry coughs, weakness, and joint aches among others (CDC). A person with the infection develops a lesion at the site of entry of the bacteria. The sore is often red, with a ribbed rim and a punched-out center (Siderovski 36). The person develops inflammation of the lymph nodes in the affected area (Suckow et al 342). When the bacterium enters the bloodstream, it causes bacteremia, and this enables the infection to spread to other body organs such as kidneys, spleen, and liver (Siderovski 36). Animals infected with the disease often die, but they exhibit symptoms such as depression and an orexia (Suckow et al 342) Forms of Tularemia Some of the main forms of the disease include glandular, ocuglandular, oropharyngeal, ulceroglandular, and pneumonic. The bacteria in the ulceroglandular form of disease spreads to the lymph nodes at the point of entry. The ulceroglandular form of the disease is the most common. It occurs when the bacterium affects the person through the skin. A person with ulceroglandular develops a lesion, which develops into an ulcer. The ulcer heals after one week, and it is relatively painless (Oyston 921-930). The location of the ulcer in the body can help to determine the mode of transmission. Ulcers on the upper extremities on the body indicate that the person was in close contact with an infected animal. Ulcers on the lower extremities, abdomen or the back of the body indicate that the person got the infection from arthropods (Goddard 106). Glandular tularemia is similar to ulceroglandular, expect that the infected person does not develop an ulcer. The eye is a possible route of infection, and when this happens, the person develops ocuglandular tularemia. A person with this form of disease has swollen eyelids, and he or she develops conjunctivitis. Oropharyngeal tularemia develops when a person eats infected meat or drinks contaminated water (Oyston 921-930). It can also develop when a person puts infected fingers in the mouth (Siderovski 41). This form is also known as gastrointestinal tularemia. A person with this form of disease develops pharyngitis, swollen cervical lymph nodes, and ulcers. Diarrhea is a common symptom in this form of disease, and it ranges from mild and persistent diarrhea to acute diarrhea, which is often fatal. The infected person develops an ulceration of the bowel. He or she experiences nausea and vomiting. A person develops pneumonic or respiratory diarrhea through inhalation. A person with this form of the disease becomes delirious. He or she develops a non-productive cough, chest pain, and dyspenea. The bacteria replicates quickly once a person inhales it. The person might require assistance in breathing. Testing and Diagnosis Tularemia is a rare disease, and doctors find it hard to diagnose the disease. This is because the disease symptoms resemble symptoms of other diseases. Doctors look for symptoms such as swelling lymph nodes and ulcers on the skin to make their diagnosis (Siderovski 48). The patient can help the doctor, by pointing out any chance of exposure with an infected animal. Physicians can identify the disease by examining secretions and biopsy specimen using gram stain or direct fluorescent antibody. Examination using the fluorescent antibodies is quick, and the physician gets the report after a few hours but it is not always possible to guarantee the accuracy of the results (Dennis et al 2763-2773). When testing for the disease, it is important to alert those working in the laboratory, so that they can take the correct preventive measures. There have been several cases of people getting infections because of laboratory exposure. The most efficient way of confirming the disease is by growing it in culture, although it is often difficult to do so. One can grow culture using sputum or pharyngeal washing. For a person with inhalation tularemia, the physician grows the culture from fasting gastric aspirates. The culture has to contain cysteine, and the physician places it in an environment rich in carbon dioxide. It takes about four to six days for the culture to grow (Hepburn Simpson 231-240) Prevention and Treatment People can minimize their chances of infection by adopting several measures such as not handling carcasses since one does not know whether the animal had the diseases, and using gloves when handling infected animals and carcasses. People should not take water if they are not sure of its safety. Contaminated water is one of the easiest ways of acquiring the disease. People who take wild meat should ensure that they cook it thoroughly. Tularemia often affects wild animals, and people should be careful when consuming such meat. People in endemic areas should use repellants to get rid of arthropods, and reduce their chances of infection. They should treat their clothes with repellants, as this will help them to avoid insect bites. Worry about terrorists using the bacterium as a possible weapon has compelled researchers to develop a vaccine. There have been several attempts at this, and the live vaccine strain (LVS) seems to have been the most successful. The vaccine is successful in prov iding protection against small doses of a virulent strain. Governments have not licensed the vaccine because of its reversion to virulence, variable immunogenicity, and mixed colony morphology (Oyston 921-930). The disease can be fatal in humans, if not treated. The mortality rate for untreated tularemia is 30%. Treating the disease reduces this rate to 1% (Goddard 106). Doctors use antibiotics to treat the disease in human beings. Doctors use antibiotics such as streptomycin, gentamicin, doxycycline, and ciprofloxacin to treat the disease (CDC). These are the most common antibiotics, although other antibiotics such as tetracycline and chloramphenicol are in use (Goddard 106). Treatment depends on the type of medication used and stage of the disease, though it takes 10-21 days. The use of antibiotics has increased the chances of the patients’ recovery, and most patients treated usually recover from their illness. : CDC. Tularemia. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2011. Web. 12 July 2012 Dennis, T. David et al. â€Å"Tularemia as a Biological Weapon.† The Journal of American Medical Association 285.21 (2001): 2763-2773 Goddard, Jerome. Infectious Diseases and Arthropods. New York, NY: Springer, 2008. Print Hepburn, J. Matthew and JH Simpson. Tularemia: Current Diagnosis and Treatment Options. 2008. Web. 12 July 2012 Oyston, C. F. Petra. â€Å"Francisella Tularensis: Unravelling the Secrets of an Intracellular Pathogen.† Journal of Medical Microbiology 57.8 (2008): 921-930. Print Siderovski, H. Susan. Tularemia. Infobase Publishing, 2006. Print Suckow, A, Mark et al. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Waltham, MA: Academic Press, 2012. Print